independent utility programs

A group of programs that support but are not part of an operating system.They are used by the system programmer to initialize and prepare direct access storage devices for use under operating system control.; 支持操作系統但不屬于它的組成部分的一組程序。系統程序員用這些程序去初始化直 接存取存儲設備,為在操作系統控制下使用這些設備做準備。